1,3-Propanediol
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Molecular formula
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Chemical Product Description & Applications
1,3-Propanediol is a water-miscible diol used as a cosmetic humectant, solvent and sensory modifier. Its terminal hydroxyl groups associate with water, supporting moisture retention in skin and hair-care formulations. It can also improve incorporation of selected ingredients that dissolve less readily in water alone and can support appropriately designed product-protection systems.
The bio-based cosmetic grade is a clear liquid incorporated into aqueous or compatible solvent phases. It is chemically distinct from 1,2-propanediol, commonly called propylene glycol, and can give a different formulation feel. The neat diol gives independent control over the carrier and humectant contribution, rather than supplying a fixed multi-ingredient active or preservative blend.
Typical Applications
- Water-based skin-care serums: Used as a co-solvent and humectant in facial serums, toners and essences. It helps carry compatible actives while contributing to the skin feel of the aqueous vehicle.
- Moisturizing emulsions: Used in face and body creams to supplement the water-binding system. It is incorporated into the aqueous phase while oils and emulsifiers establish the emulsion structure.
- Botanical and cosmetic active carriers: Used in compatible ingredient concentrates and extract systems as part of the solvent vehicle. It provides a water-miscible carrier that can be carried forward into the finished cosmetic formula.
Specifications
| Parameter | Specification | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Clear colorless liquid | Visual inspection |
| Identification | Consistent with authenticated reference | FTIR fingerprint comparison |
| Assay | ≥99.5% w/w | Calibrated GC-FID |
| Water | ≤0.20% w/w | Karl Fischer titration |
| Color | ≤10 APHA | Platinum-cobalt colorimetry |
| Acidity as acetic acid | ≤0.01% w/w | Potentiometric titration |
Specifications describe the standard grade. Tolerance, test method and documentation package are confirmed per order.
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